cluster

A while ago it was pretty inconvenient to start a complete Galera Cluster from scratch. Rolling restart an such things are already working well but bootstrapping was a pain.

With Galera v2.2 new functionality came in. We tried it out and it did not work as documented. :-( Thanks to Teemu's help we found there was a documentation bug in the Galera documentation.

Hallo MySQL Gemeinde,

Im neuen iX (2012-10) hat es zwei nette Artikel über: MySQL HA-Lösungen (S. 116) und MySQL 5.6 (S. 66).

Viel Spass beim Lesen!

Based on customer feedback we have decided to add a plugin Galera Cluster for MySQL to our MySQL Nagios/Icinga Plugins.

The module checks, if the node is in status Primary and if the expected amount of Galera Cluster nodes is available. If not, a warning or an alarm is returned.

Aufgrund einer Kundenrückmeldung haben wir uns entschlossen unsere MySQL Nagios/Icinga Plugins um ein Plugin Galera Cluster für MySQL zu erweitern.

Das Modul prüft, ob der Knoten im Status Primary und ob die erwartete Anzahl von Galera Cluster Knoten vorhanden ist. Wenn nicht, wird eine Warnung oder ein Alarm zurückgemeldet.

During and after Henriks great talk about Galera Cluster at the FrOSCon 2012 in St. Augustin we found 2 important things related to Galera Cluster for MySQL:

Helsinki, Finland, Uster, Switzerland – February 18, 2012 – Codership, the provider of Galera Cluster for MySQL, and FromDual, a MySQL consulting company, today announced collaboration to offer Galera Cluster technology and related support and consulting services for Galera users all over the world, especially in German speaking countries Germany, Austria and Switzerland (DACH). Galera Cluster is a synchronous, true multi-master replication cluster for MySQL using the well known InnoDB storage engine.

Helsinki, Finnland, Uster, Schweiz – 18. Februar 2012 – Codership, Anbieter des Galera Clusters für MySQL, und FromDual, eine MySQL Beratungsfirma, kündigen eine Zusammenarbeit bei der Verbreitung von Galera Cluster Technologie und dazugehörigen Support- und Beratungs-Dienstleistungen für Galera Anwender an. Galera Cluster ist ein synchroner, echter Multi-Master Replikations-Cluster für MySQL, welcher die weit verbreitete InnoDB Storage Engine nutzt.

Introduction

MySQL/Galera synchronous Multi-Master Replication consists of 2 parts:

In the following article I have summarized some steps and hints to set-up a MySQL active/passive fail-over Cluster also sometimes called MySQL HA.

With such a set-up you can achieve a 99.99% (4x9) HA set-up for MySQL (52 minutes downtime per year). The same procedure also works for PostgreSQL, Oracle and other database systems running on Linux (DRBD runs on Linux only).

The concept

The concept of an active/passive fail-over Cluster is the following:

Electing a slave as new master and aligning the other slaves to the new master

In a simple MySQL Replication set-up you have high-availability (HA) on the read side (r). But for the master which covers all the writes (w) and the time critical read (rt) there is no HA implemented. For some situations this can be OK. For example if you have rarely writes or if you can wait until a new Master is set up.

But in other cases you need a fast fail-over to a new master.

Recently the question came up if it is faster to restore a MySQL cluster when all nodes are up or only ONE node from each node group during restore.

The answer from our gurus was: All nodes up during restore! I wanted to find out why. So I set up the following cluster and started to measure:

MySQL Cluster set up

It is possible to use an active - active shared-disk cluster in MySQL in some cases. For doing this you have to fulfill the following requirements: